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nerve compression syndrome
Nerve compression syndrome or compression neuropathy, also known as entrapment neuropathy, is a medical condition caused by direct pressure on a single nerve. It is known colloquially as a ''trapped nerve'', though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.neuropathy.org/site/PageServer?pagename=Type_Compressive )〕 Its symptoms include pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. The symptoms affect just one particular part of the body, depending on which nerve is affected. Nerve conduction studies help to confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, surgery may help to relieve the pressure on the nerve, but this does not always relieve all the symptoms.
Nerve injury by a single episode of physical trauma is in one sense a compression neuropathy, but is not usually included under this heading.
==Pathophysiology==
External pressure reduces flow in the vessels supplying the nerve with blood (the vasa nervorum). This causes local ischaemia, which has an immediate effect on the ability of the nerve axons to transmit action potentials. As the compression becomes more severe over time, focal demyelination occurs, followed by axonal damage, and finally scarring.
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